Prostate cancer is a malignant disease that is most common in men of mature age. According to the American National Institute of Health, if 45-59 years old 55 men have one case of illness, then one in six is ill at age 65-79.
Prostate cancer is the cause of the death of 3% of men who are 50 years of age. The peculiarity of this disease is the asymptomatic initial stage of the disease.
Causes
To date, there is no single opinion about the causes of the disease. Prostate cancer occurs as a result of DNA changes in prostate cells. As a result, this happens, until we can say with certainty.
But there are identified risk factors that affect the onset of the disease.
Age is the main factor. Up to 40 years of cancer prostate adenoma is rare. Heredity increases the risk of the disease by 8-10 times. Race affiliation. Men of European or Asian appearance are ill 2 times less likely than African Americans. The incidence of the latter is manifested at a later stage and has the worst prognosis. Power features. It was noticed that the tumor occurs more often in men whose food is rich in fats. Soy squirrels, red vegetables, green tea reduce the risk of developing the disease by 37 %. Cleaning and harmful effects of the environment. Cadmium that is contained in tobacco smoke, as well as present in batteries or materials for welding, can affect the onset of the disease.
It complicates the study of the causes of the fact that often the disease is detected by chance only at the intersection of the deceased person.
Symptoms of the disease
There are no specific symptoms of prostate cancer at the initial stage of the disease. Complaints appear later. The tumor, increasing in size, sprouts into the bladder or into the urethra, resulting in the following symptoms
More frequent urination, including at night. The pressure of the jet is weak and intermittent. Burning, feeling discomfort, urge to urinate after a short period of time after emptying the bladder. The urine for urination is sudden and difficult to withstand.
Subsequently, signs of overlap of the urinary tract are joined
Increase in ureter and kidney cavity. Pain in the lumbar region. Education of stones. At later stages, tumor cells spread to other tissues and organs. As a result, violations of the functions of the affected organs appear. Thus, bone defeat causes pain in the limbs. About the hit of metastasis in the spinal cord is the appearance of paresthesia and paralysis. In the absence of signs of the disease suspect, the presence of a tumor may increase the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA).
Such symptoms are characteristic not only for malignant disease but also for adenoma of the prostate – benign education. Only the doctor can establish the correct diagnosis. On confirmation of oncology to begin treatment should be immediate.
Therefore timely diagnosis and prevention are extremely important.
Treatment
When choosing a method for treating prostate cancer, the stage of the process, the patient’s age, the risk of complications, concomitant diseases, etc. are taken into account. There are many ways of treatment, but there is no ideal among them.
The main methods are surgical treatment, radiotherapy, cryotherapy, hormonotherapy. Identified in the early stages, the disease is successfully treated or sustained remission is achieved. According to European researchers, mortality from localized cancer occurs only with a prolonged course.